Comey turned himself in on two charges, including threatening the life of the US president and transmitting threats across state lines.

Former FBI Director James Comey has appeared in United States federal court in ‌Virginia, a day after being indicted over a social media post that prosecutors allege threatened US President Donald Trump.

Comey turned himself in on Wednesday on two charges, including threatening the life of the president and transmitting threats across US state lines.

The former FBI director did not speak during a brief court appearance. His lawyer, Patrick Fitzgerald, said he would argue that the case is a vindictive prosecution, meaning that it was brought to punish Comey for exercising his legal rights.

Wearing a dark suit, Comey entered and exited the courtroom through a side entrance typically used by defendants, declining to comment.

A US magistrate judge ordered Comey’s release and did not impose any special conditions.

His next court appearance is expected in North Carolina, where a federal grand jury returned the indictment on Tuesday. Members of his family arrived shortly before proceedings began.

Comey has denied the allegations and said he will fight the charges.

The indictment marks a renewed push by Trump’s Justice Department to target perceived political enemies of the president with criminal prosecution. Trump last year referred to Comey by name in a social media post calling for criminal charges against his adversaries.

‘8647’ post at centre of case

This case centres on an Instagram post Comey shared in May last year showing seashells arranged to form the number “8647”.

Trump and his supporters say the numbers amount to a coded call for violence against the president. The number 47 is widely understood to refer to Trump, who returned to office in January 2025 as the 47th US president.

The dispute hinges on the meaning of “86”.

In US slang, the term can mean to remove or discard something, often used in restaurants when an item is no longer available. Some critics argue it can also imply violent removal, though that interpretation is contested.

Comey said at the time he did not intend the post as a threat. After backlash, he deleted the image and wrote on Instagram that he “didn’t realize some folks associate those numbers with violence” and that he opposes violence “of any kind”.

Prosecutors, however, argue that a “reasonable recipient” familiar with the context would interpret the image as “a serious expression of an intent to do harm” to the president.

According to the indictment, Comey faces two federal counts: threatening the president, under US law prohibiting threats against the head of state, and transmitting a threatening communication in interstate commerce.

Each charge carries a maximum penalty of five years in prison, a fine, or both.