Stodden said she would “keep fighting until children are protected from marriage in all 50 states”.

She was married to actor Doug Hutchison – known for roles in The Green Mile, A Time to Kill and I Am Sam – in 2011, spurring headlines internationally over the controversy and appearances on several reality programmes in the US, including the VH1 series Couples Therapy.

Other survivors of child marriage also applauded the new law.

“California has sent a clear message to the world today,” Brittany Bee, a former child bride, told the BBC. “A message of hope for all children that they may be free from systemic violence. That they may choose their own path.”

Bee told the BBC she was wed at the age of 17 to escape an abusive home – only to then be allegedly abused by her adult husband.

“I was just going from one prison to another,” she explained. “People have the audacity to tell me that I made a choice – kids, they can’t consent.”

Bee and other child marriage survivors have been working for years to have child marriages banned in California and across the United States.

About a decade ago, the practice was still allowed across all US state but more and more states have been altering laws. California is the 18th to ban it since 2018.

In the state, there had been no legal age to wed, allowing children to get married as long as their parents consent and a judge signs off on the nuptials.

There was also no mechanism for people under 18 to get divorced and many girls say they were trapped in abusive and predatory relationships.

Unchained At Last, an advocacy group fighting to end child marriage across the US, said about 9,000 girls were wed each year in California and that almost all child marriages involved girls to adult men.

Advocates say that many in the US don’t even know that child marriage is legal in so many US states, nor that is has led to allegations of abuse.

Sara Tasneen, who says she was forced to marry a man nearly twice her age when she was 15 years old, told the BBC that it felt “surreal” to finally have the state recognise that child marriage should be banned. She says she started lobbying for this herself in 2017.

She was introduced to her husband the morning of their arranged marriage.

“I was forced to be his wife and that day, my entire life changed,” she told the BBC. She became a mother the following year, at the age of 16, and dropped out of school.

“To have seen the arc of this bill come to fruition has been a marathon,” Tasneen said. “I’m just grateful that kids cannot get married after January 1, 2027 in California.”