Rights group warns Algeria could exploit proposed death penalty laws to suppress domestic political opposition.

Amnesty International has urged Algeria to abandon plans to expand the death penalty and resume executions, following presidential moves to make wildfire arson a capital crime.

In a statement issued on Tuesday, the human rights organisation called for an immediate halt to President Abdelmadjid Tebboune’s directives. Algeria has not carried out an execution in more than 30 years.

The push to broaden capital punishment sentencing gained momentum following devastating wildfires that killed at least 12 people and injured 54 others last month.

The flames wiped out entire villages across the Kabylie region and other parts of northeastern Algeria, the statement said.

In the aftermath of the fires, Tebboune instructed Justice Minister Lotfi Boudjemaa to amend the law to include arson as well as “child abductors and abusers”.

Anyone sentenced to death could exercise their right to appeal before being executed, Tebboune said.

Wildfires used to justify repression

Amnesty accused Algerian authorities of using the proposed expanded death penalty to target political opposition groups.

The rights group said authorities arrested 20 people pending investigations for arson and subversion – a potentially terrorism-related charge – between July 26 and September 10.

During the 2021 wildfires that left 90 dead, the government prosecuted scores of people on terrorism-related charges, blaming the Movement for the Self-Determination of Kabylie (MAK), an opposition group that the government classifies as a terrorist organisation.

Climate change

Amnesty urged the government to address the root cause of the climate catastrophes instead of pursuing “arsonists”.

“Accountability for the devastating loss of life caused by wildfires cannot be reduced to pursuing alleged perpetrators of arson,” the human rights group stated.